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自考“英语(一)”笔记 五十三

英语学习网 2023-03-08 11:18:35 684

自考“英语(一)”笔记 五十三



16.indifferent adj. 冷酷的,不关心的
indifference1 n. 冷酷
1)If parents are indifferent to their success, children will fail to make progress.
(假如爸爸妈妈漠视孩子的成功,孩子就不会前进。)
2)He is absolutely indifferent to other people‘s miseries2. (他对别人的痛苦漠然置之。)
3)He put on an air of indifference. (他摆出了一副毫不在意的神气。)
4)She was annoyed by her son‘s indifference to her. (她儿子对她的冷酷情绪令她恼怒。)
17.discipline n. 纪律,训练;学科   v. 训练;使有纪律;惩罚
1)The discipline of hard work would do you a lot of good. (艰苦工作的锻炼会对你大有好处。)
2)The young teacher couldn‘t keep discipline in her classroom. (那个年青的教师无法坚持课堂秩序。)
3)Scientists of many disciplines would work together to solve the problem.
(许多学科的科学家们将一道来解决这个问题。)
4)They must learn to discipline themselves. (他们有必要学会锻炼自己。)
5)He was disciplined for being late. (他因迟到而受罚。)
18.individual n. 个人,单个   adj. 单个的,独自的;共同的
1)The freedom of the individual was greatly emphasized in his talk. (他在说话中十分着重个人的自由。)
2)Handwriting varies from individual to individual. (每个人的笔迹都不相同。)

3)Each individual leaf on the tree is different. (树上的每一片叶子都各不相同。)

4)There was nothing individual about him except a deep scar across his right cheek.(他除了右脸颊有条深疤外别无特征。)
本课简介
在人类共同生活的社会里有一些共认的社会准则,这些准则为大多数人所承受。假如你不能遵从这些准则,你则会被看作为一个缺少文明礼貌举止的人。善待别人,尊重别人能给咱们带来一种优势,而这种优势会帮助咱们成功。正因为如此,咱们应该学会在看电影时坚持安静;在点着香烟前征得别人同意;注意挑选接听移动电话的场合;与教师交谈时摘下随身听的耳机;满口含着食物时不随意开口说话;该尊称别人时不随性而为乱称号……。这些看似不重要的末节恰恰是最能反映一个人的社会公德的。
本课首要言语点
1. Unless you want to end a relationship, you don‘t tell another person what you think of her or him like this.
unless在本句中的意思是“if not” (除非,假如不),如:
1)You will fail the exam unless you study harder. (你若不愈加努力学习,考试会不及格。)
2)We will go on with the experiment unless something unforeseen happens. (假如不发生意外,咱们将继续试验。)
3)I will not go to the party unless he invites me. (假如他不邀请我,我就不去参加聚会。)
4)Nothing, unless a miracle, can save him. (除非呈现奇观,他无法得救。)
end在本句中用作动词,意思是“完毕”。如:
1)The meeting did not end until midnight. (会议开到深夜才完毕。)
2)The anti-Japanese War ended in 1945. (抗日战争于1945年完毕。)
3)He refused to end his four-week tour in such a manner. (他不愿以这种方法完毕为期四周的旅行。)
2. Failing to be impressed by a friend‘s collection of stamps, yawning when a golfer tells you about what great shot he made… are all things that educated people try not to do.
本句中三个并排的动名词短语做主语,整个句子是一个“主语+系动词+表语”的句型。如:
1)Smoking is not good for your health. (吸烟有害你的健康。)
2)Making experiment is one way of learning. (试验是学习的一条途径。)
be impressed by 意思是“给…深入形象”。如:
1)I was impressed by his talent. (他的才华给我留下了深入的形象。)
2)He was impressed by the gorgeous sunset. (绚丽的落日给他留下了深入的形象。)
golfer意思为“高尔夫球运动员”,这个词是由golf加后缀-er构成的,英语中这一类词很多。如:baker (面包师傅),gardener (园丁),miller4 (磨坊主),singer (歌唱家),user (使用者。)
1)He tried not to let out the secret. (他试图不泄露秘密。)
2)We tried not to be misled by them. (咱们努力不被他们误导。)
3. There are no laws enforcing respect.
本句是一个There be + noun + V-ing 结构,表示存在(有),there失去表示场所的意义。如:
1)There was a fire burning in the fireplace. (壁炉里火在燃烧。)

2)There were two bulldozers knocking the place flat. (两台推土机把那儿夷平。)
句中的enforce是一个及物动词,意思是“施行;强制”。如:
1)It is necessary to enforce discipline in the army. (在部队里执行纪律是必要的。)
2)He strongly objected to enforcing obedience5 on children. (他强烈反对逼迫儿童服从。)
4. These guidelines represent what a majority of people consider acceptable and what they consider unacceptable.
represent在本句中做及物动词用,意思是“代表;表现”。如:
1)The blue lines on the map represent rivers. (地图上的蓝线代表河流。)
2)These views don‘t represent the real thinking of the local residents. (那些观念并不反映当地居民的实在思想。)
句中what引导的是宾语从句,如:
1)I will always remember what my mother said to me before I went to college.(我将永久记住我上大学前妈妈对我说的话。)
2)I didn‘t see what they were doing there. (我没看见他们在那儿干什么。)
3)His idea couldn‘t represent what the ordinary people really liked.(他的想法不能代表普通百姓真正所喜欢的东西。)
consider是一个常用动词,通常有以下几种用法:
1)consider + 宾语
He had no time to consider the matter. (他没有时刻考虑这件事。)
2)consider + 宾语 + 宾语补足语
Some people considered the attack a mistake. (有人以为那次进攻是个错误。)
3)consider + that 从句
We consider that the young man is not guilty. (咱们以为那个年青人无罪。)
4)consider + V. + ing
He considered changing his job. (他考虑换一份工作。)
5)consider to be/as
They consider themselves to be very lucky. (他们以为自己很走运。)
He is considered to be an authority. (他被以为是权威。)
They considered the house as beautiful. (他们以为那房子很美。)
在上面的三个例句中,to be和as都可以被省略,因此三例句可以改写为:
They consider themselves lucky.
He is considered an authority.
They consider the house beautiful.
5. They are not even aware that this habit will bother the other members of the audience.
aware这个形容词很常用,需好好把握,在第十二单元中咱们现已触摸过这个词,在此再稳固一下。
1)be aware of
If you were aware of all that, you would change your mind. (假如你知道了那一切,你会改动主意的。)
2)be aware that
He was aware that he had drunk too much. (他知道他喝的太多了。)
bother在本句中做动词用,意思是“打扰”。在bother后用不定式则表示“费心去做某事”。如:
1)Don‘t bother me, I have to finish the work in an hour. (别打扰我,我得在一小时内做完这个工作。)
2)Don‘t bother to talk to him. He has no interest in anything. (别费心跟他说话,他对什么都没爱好。)
audience (观众,听众)当一个全体看待,用做单数;当各成员看待,用做复数。如:
1)The audience was (were) enjoying the performance. (观众在欣赏表演。)
2)That book has a large audience. (那本书有广大的读者。)


















































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































































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